Chiari Malformation & Decompression
What is Chiari Malformation?
Chiari malformation is a condition where part of the brain — specifically the cerebellar tonsils — extends down into the spinal canal. This can block the normal flow of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and put pressure on the brainstem and spinal cord. Many cases are congenital (present from birth), but symptoms may not appear until adulthood.
What are the Symptoms of Chiari Malformation?
Common symptoms include:
- Pressure-type headaches, often at the back of the head and worse with coughing or straining
- Neck pain and dizziness
- Balance and coordination problems
- Tingling or weakness in the arms or hands
- In some cases, difficulty swallowing or speech changes
Symptoms can range from mild to disabling, depending on the degree of compression and CSF blockage.
What are the Treatment Options for Chiari Malformation?
Mild, stable cases may only require monitoring. For symptomatic cases, posterior fossa decompression surgery can relieve pressure on the brain and spinal cord, restore CSF flow, and improve symptoms.
The procedure typically involves removing a small portion of bone at the base of the skull and opening the dura to create more space. Modern techniques and equipment like specialized dural sealant allow for reduced postoperative CSF-leak risk, shorter hospital stays, and improved outcomes.
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